2.2. Problems

BACKGROUND

2.2.1. Climate Change Issue

Humanity faces the most destructive challenge of its lifetime of self-imposed climate change. All human civilizations could have developed only under the condition of a stable climate, but now the climate is no longer stable and the environment in the near future is truly unprecedented.

The level of greenhouse gas (GHG) is the highest level since agriculture and settlement began about 12,000 years ago due to the Neolithic Revolution. The aftermath of climate change, which causes more frequent unpredictable and severe disasters such as abnormal high temperatures, freezing temperatures, droughts, and floods, is catastrophic. To argue that the fate of human civilization depends on the ability of organizations and institutions to respond to, mitigate, and reverse climate change is to underestimate the situation.

Human activities such as burning fossil fuels and destroying forests led to a surge in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases consisting of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrogen dioxide trap heat on the surface and raise global temperatures. Since the Industrial Revolution, carbon dioxide concentrations have risen by more than 30 percent, reaching 420 ppm. Compared to the hundreds of millions of years before the Industrial Revolution, it is a severe change compared to the gradual rise from 180 ppm to 300 ppm.

As a result, the average global temperature has risen by about 0.2°C every 10 years, and the current average surface temperature is about 1.2°C higher than in the pre-industrial era. This change could destabilize large ecosystems around the globe.

Scientists' climate models have so far predicted global temperature rise quite accurately. However, the speed and severity of changes caused by climate change are underestimated. Glaciers and ice sheets, for example, are melting much faster than predicted just five years ago. Now, a significant number of scientists are of the opinion that "it's too risky to bet that it won't happen" about the sudden collapse of ice sheets, thawing of Arctic permafrost, and slowing of large ocean currents, which were previously considered unlikely climate 'tipping points'. there is.

All of these (climate change factors, tipping points, possibilities) can have catastrophic effects and are likely to occur during the lifetime of modern humans.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has declared that it is very important to avoid the worst catastrophe to keep the average rise in surface temperature below 1.5°C compared to pre-industrial levels. To this end, the IPCC estimates that global greenhouse gas emissions should be reduced by about half compared to 2010 levels by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Achieving this carbon-neutral goal requires a top-down transformation in the global economic system across all industries.

In order to develop new power resources and increase the stability of electricity, the company is also building submarine cables or developing new and renewable energy such as wind power. However, thermal power generators, nuclear power generators, and hydroelectric power generators all cause great damage to environmental pollution, and wind power generators also have a significantly low power supply compared to their size. Electricity consumption, which rises sharply every year, and the cost burden of consumers are also urgent issues.

2.2.2. The Necessity of Blockchain in accordance with Technical Problems

Unlike other renewable energies, REC produces new and renewable energy and can be easily installed with low maintenance costs and simply an area and space. As a result, low barriers to entry allow for investment inflows, which will further facilitate the proliferation of REC generator installations in various regions of the world that are turning to renewable energy in search of new power sources. On the other hand, there is PV (solar power generation), which is currently growing rapidly as the No. 1 renewable energy source, but the lack of professional knowledge and indifference in overall management and maintenance are the most vulnerable. All power and energy power plants currently in operation require too many steps from installation to operation time, and are characterized by time and large-scale costs.

As a result, many of the plants with total net worth reaching $550 billion and generating $60 billion in annual revenue are limited to large utility power plants. Many systems and procedures in the industry remain untapped, causing major complexity and inefficiency.

2.2.3. The Scarcity of Standardized Energy Generation Dara

Owners of Renewable energy Power Station are not aware of downtime and the reduction in energy produced, which is related to the reduction in profits generated. Even if error events are recognized, renewable energy generation owners have difficulty separating the cause of the defect.

2.2.4. Sparse of standard energy generation data

The general belief that renewable energy generators require little maintenance can be quite misleading. Rather, system monitoring and analysis of renewable energy generation workers is important to maximize power output and minimize downtime.

Revenue estimates rely heavily on data related to renewable energy generation, but the current renewable energy market lacks standardization to optimize power generation by power plant operators.

The power output of all renewable energy plants depends on both technical and environmental factors that cause unexpected mechanical errors and natural degradation.

Therefore, the lack of sufficient preventive and reactive maintenance will lead to a reduction in power output, which will ultimately result in financial loss to renewable energy Station owners.

2.2.5. Untraceable Power Plant history Management

he lack of databases for managing renewable energy generation deprives the market of the ability to identify and value a given plant's life cycle. The lack of accessible archives also prevented the expansion of various renewable industries. For example, companies seeking to enter the renewable energy market, such as sales, insurance, and disposal, are reluctant to enter the industry for fear of hidden risks arising from a lack of transparent and traceable data. Interestingly, the current state of the renewable energy generation industry is quite similar to the past real estate and used car markets. Initially, there was a lack of reliable historical data, resulting in data imbalances and a transparent market cycle. As in these cases, storage management systems are critical to providing supervision of the plant's overall operating life as well as the plant's accident history and repair history. Therefore, the establishment of operational and management archives will enable the development into a reliable and competent renewable energy industry.

2.2.6. The Absence of Systemized Plaform for Data Integration

A number of data related to the life of renewable energy generation (installation, operation, power generation, etc.) are often subdivided in the current renewable energy industry. Due to the inefficiencies prevailing in the current market, existing and potential REC owners deprive them of standardized and validated information to base their decisions. In the renewable energy industry, the market has not formed a systematic platform due to the lack of incentives for industry players to share and integrate data with other stakeholders.

As a result, most of the data is isolated from each market segment, preventing all industrial entities from seeking industry improvement and optimizing the efficiency of renewable energy. Upcycling of the capabilities and efficiency of the renewable energy industry is possible only through systematic platform development.

2.2.7. Lack of a structured platform for data integration

The aforementioned data tracking, verification and integration issues affect the overall lifespan of renewable energy generation. Currently, the renewable energy (RE) industry has spread to meet future energy needs, but it has not addressed the industry's existing shortfalls and imminent risks to society. If the industrial ecosystem expands, data management problems will inevitably grow.

We have experienced the same learning curve with the advent of various industries in the past, and these data management problems have been solved by standardization and public supervision of security, transparency, and efficiency. The same is now necessary for the renewable energy sector to fully realize the potential of green energy.